Cardiothoracic Surgery

Demonstrate deep knowledge of the embryological, anatomical, genetic, and physiological foundations of cardiothoracic structures, as well as the natural history of cardiovascular diseases (acquired and congenital), their pathophysiological mechanisms, and anatomopathological lesions, and methods for primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.

Have knowledge of diagnostic procedures ranging from medical history to invasive and non-invasive diagnostic imaging studies: chest X-ray, electrocardiogram, stress test, echocardiogram, cardiac computed tomography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, cardiac scintigraphy, cardiac catheterization, and positron emission tomography, as well as their indication, interpretation, utility, risks, and complications.

Perform actions for prevention, self-care, diagnosis, medical-surgical treatment, and rehabilitation with the support of current technological resources available for comprehensive care of cardiothoracic problems and their complications.

Apply current national and international regulations related to discipline and quality healthcare with an emphasis on patient safety.

Understand the theoretical aspects of the teaching-learning process applied to patient training, accompanying family members, and the multidisciplinary healthcare team related to their discipline.

Promote healthy lifestyle habits, identifying risk factors considering intercultural elements.

Apply knowledge of information and communication technologies to their daily practice.

Apply with skill and dexterity the most updated procedures and technical resources in Cardiothoracic Surgery for the prevention, diagnosis, and comprehensive treatment of cardiothoracic diseases.

Perform with expertise the specific procedures of the discipline: sternotomy, arterial cannulation, orotracheal intubation, tracheostomy, pericardiocentesis, pericardial window, coronary revascularization, prosthetic valve implantation, pacemaker implantation, palliative and corrective surgical procedures for congenital heart diseases, anatomical and non-anatomical lung resection, thoracentesis, pulmonary decortication, endoscopic biopsy, transplantation.

Address the pediatric patient with congenital heart disease comprehensively and select specific surgical techniques for their correction or palliation.

Integrate, in a timely and hierarchically ordered manner, the different medical problems of the patient to establish appropriate diagnoses, proposing the best surgical option.

Treat the sick individual as a biopsychosocial entity in the areas of their competence, including hospitalization, outpatient care, hemodynamics, operating room, and intensive care.

Provide ongoing communication resulting in effective information exchange and proper relationships with patients, their families, and the healthcare team.

Plan a study and treatment program correctly, including emergency cases and based on scientific criteria, with principles of quality service to contribute to sustainable human development with equity and justice.

Coordinate with other specialists to offer the best comprehensive therapeutic option.

Participate as a leader in multidisciplinary care for heart and lung transplant patients.

Employ scientific methods to conduct clinical research and design research projects that address the health needs of the population.

Demonstrate timely responsiveness to emerging diseases by establishing prevention and control strategies.

Apply the ethical and deontological principles of medical practice.

Assume responsibility and a service-oriented attitude towards the issues involved in the health-disease process.

Achieve a positive and respectful relationship with the patient, family, and professional environment.

Prioritize medical decision-making in prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation, based on risk-benefit and cost-benefit balances, contributing to improving the patient's quality of life.

Demonstrate deep respect for the environment.

Have an awareness of their social responsibility and importance within the healthcare system.

Practice self-criticism that allows them to recognize their limitations, seek support when necessary, and refer the patient when appropriate.